WAKE: Key management scheme for wide-area measurement systems in smart grid

Abstract

A wide-area measurement system (WAMS) is a system that provides a time-synchronized view of electrical conditions over a large geographical area, thereby enhancing the situational awareness of the energy management system of a power grid. With this enhanced situational awareness, utilities would be able to react promptly to contingencies, and prevent large-scale blackouts. To secure WAMS communications, we propose WAMS key management (WAKE), a comprehensive key management scheme targeting a concrete set of security objectives derived from NIST¿s security impact level ratings. For security objectives involving unicast, WAKE employs industry-standard security protocols. For security objectives..